Support
- FUI is supported by a grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation under the National Research Programme NRP 65 "New Urban Quality"
Typology >Toiture végétalisme accessible
Description
Ces toitures plates végétalisées peuvent varier d’utilisation (productive ou récréative) selon différents facteurs tels que l’accessibilité de la toiture au public. La quantité de substrat pouvant être installée sur la toiture joue également un rôle déterminant pour le type de production envisagé sur la toiture et la diversité des espèces installées. Tous ces facteurs conditionnent l’utilisation d’une toiture dans le cadre d’une ferme urbaine sur toit ou d’un jardin public venant compléter la diversité des lieux publics en mettant en scène un point de vue particulier.
Contexte urbain
Ces surfaces viennent, lorsqu’elles sont publiquement accessibles, compléter la palette des espaces urbains. Elles sont utilisées dans la même vague que les parcs et jardins publics. Lorsque leur accès est purement privé, elles n’ont qu’une faible influence sur l’environnement urbain en soit, mais la présence de toitures végétalisées permet de dynamiser le paysage urbain.
Composante environnementale
La végétation d’une toiture aménagée apporte une diversité au niveau de la flore en permettant à des espèces plus fragiles de s’installer sur des surfaces protégées au coeur de la ville, mais également animales en créant des abris pour une microfaune.
Néanmoins, les différentes constructions adjacentes risquent d’ombrager les cultures et ainsi péjorer la productivité des terrains.
Possibilités
Surfaces fortement présentent dans les villes.
Mise en place d’une structure publique possible.
Permet une diversité de culture.
Cultures facilement contrôlables au niveau des imports et conditions pédologiques.
Accessibilité de la surface facilement contrôlable.
Tout changement présente un impact fort pour la population.
Contraintes
L’accessibilité des toitures implique le besoin de sécuriser les bords de la toiture.
Intervention limitée par les capacités techniques.
Sensible à toute dégradation.
Nécessite un entretien constant.
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